In this episode, we host Aidar Khairetdinov, a senior scholar from the Institute of History at the Tatarstan Academy. He discusses his research on the leaders of the Muslim reformist movement, who worked to adapt Islam within the Russian Empire. Our conversation explores the contemporary religious landscape in Tatarstan, examining the Soviet influence on older generations, the youth's increasing interest in Arab cultures, and the role of Russia’s official Muslim leaders in providing religious education.